History of the British Monarchy

History of the British monarchy can we trace the history of the kings of the Angles and Scotland. Since the year 1000 appeared a number of kingdoms in the region of England and Scotland which forms the reigning monarch of the era. One of the king that we need to know is that King Harold II, last king of the Anglo-Saxon. Harold II ruled the Anglo-Saxons before the Normans invaded by the army in 1066. Killing Harold II at the Battle of Britain was taken over by the Normans made.Important events that characterize the development of the British monarchy:

• IX century: After the occupation of the Vikings, Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Wessex became the most powerful empire. The kingdom was led by Alfred the Great and has the power in the western region of Mercia. Alfred the Great the title "King of English". His successor, Athelstan, became the first king who controlled all parts of the kingdom while still maintaining the identity of the authority of each;

• XI century: Britain has a more stable state while engaged in warfare, such as Denmark (Danes), which makes Denmark ruled for a generation;

• In 1066: Britain invaded by the Normans led by William (Duke of Normandy). Normandy assault causing political and social changes of the UK;

• William (later William I) was replaced by two sons, William II and Henry (later Henry I). Henry I made the controversial decision to appoint his daughter, Matilda (the only children born alive) as the successor to the throne.

• Year 1135: After the death of Henry I, grandson of William I, namely Stephen, seized the throne of England with the support of the barons. This makes Matilda rebelled. Chaos is what we introduce the term "Anarchy"; England experienced periods of bitter and completely uncertain.

• Year 1154: The son of Matilda, who is also named Henry, seized power and became King of England Angevin (or Plantagenet) first occupied the British throne, with the title of Henry II. During the Angevin dynasty, the UK experienced many rebellions and riots. One is rebellion by his own two sons, Richard and John. After Henry II died, the throne of the switch into the hands of Richard (later Richard I). However, Richard I rarely was in court because of his time to the Crusades (Crusades). Richard I was killed and succeeded by his brother, John.

• Year 1215: The barons urged King John to approve the Magna Carta (Great Charter, or the Great Charter), which contains the guarantee of equal rights and freedom for the nobility. Tensions that led to the outbreak of war (known as "the First Barons' War").

• Year 1216: King John died when the son of his crown, Henry, 9 years old. However, although still a child, Henry still ascended the throne (title of Henry III). After Henry III becomes King of England, there was a revolt of the barons led by Simon de Montfort ("the Second Barons' War").

• Year 1265: The war ended for the victory of the kingdom and the kingdom is marked with the approval of the adoption of the Magna Carta.

• King Edward II became the next ruler; the UK experienced a period of relative stability. This period occurred the conquest of Wales. Edward II also tried to control Scotland. However, Edward II effort to get interference from the nobility.

• Year 1311: Edward II was forced to let go of some authority to the "committee of baronial" ordainers' ", but he managed to overcome thanks to the help of military conflict and regain absolute power in 1322.

• Year 1322: Edward II was killed by, ironically, his own wife, who was named Isabella. The death of Edward II was making 14-year-old son to the throne and the title of Edward III. Edward III claimed the French power to cause the 100 Years War between England and France.

• In 1374: Parliament of the United Kingdom is divided into two chambers (House).

• Year 1377: Edward III died and the throne switched to 10-year-old crown prince, Richard (title of Richard II). Richard II is also in conflict with the nobility.

• Year 1399: Richard II imprisoned and killed during a visit to Ireland. Departure of Richard II to Ireland is exploited by his cousin, Henry Bolingbroke, to conduct a coup. Bolingbroke becomes King of England next to the delar Henry IV. Bolingbroke was the grandson of Edward III and son of John of Gaunt (Duke of Lancaster). With the reign of Henry IV then switch on the family dynasty of Lancaster and the famous "House of Lancaster". After Henry IV died, the British Empire led by Henry V.

• Year 1422: Henry V died. Son crown prince, who was still a baby, ascended the throne with the title of Henry VI. The infant king was exploited by the French to get rid of British rule. House of Lancaster to weaken its power, a challenge from the House of York. House of York itself, which is a descendant of Edward III, is a dynasty led by Richard, Duke of York.

• Year 1460: Duke of York was killed in combat "the Wars of the Roses".

• Year 1461: Richard, son of the Duke of York won the war and maintain power York, a row of Edward IV, Edward V and Richard III.

• Year 1485: There was conflict between dynastic York and Lancaster dynasty which was won by Lancaster, led by Henry Tudor. Richard III was killed in the Battle of Bosworth Field. Tudor ascended the throne title of Henry VII. He neutralizes the power of the dynasty York by marrying Elizabeth of York. Henry VII's reign marked by political changes and disputes with the Papacy in Rome. Henry VII decided to split from the Roman Catholic Church and founded the Church of England (Anglican Church). Momentum is a reform of the religious field.

• Period 1535-1542: The signing of Wales Acts. Wales which has a separate status from the kingdom, although still under the authority of the United Kingdom, finally annexed by the kingdom as well. Henry VII religious reforms continued by his successor, Edward VI.

• Year 1553: Edward VI died at a young age and the succession crisis between his half sister, Mary (a Catholic) and Jane Grey. Jane Grey to the throne, but only lasted for nine days. Mary gain public confidence and become the new ruler (later Mary I). During the reign of Mary I, English-French war broke out again. Mary I also took the initiative to go back to Roman Catholicism, with marked burning Protestant attributes.

• In 1558: Mary I died and the throne of England turned to Elizabeth (hereinafter referred Elizabeth I). England again embraced Protestantism and became a great power in the world in terms of naval and exploration of the New World.

• Year 1603: Elizabeth I died. This makes the departure of the Tudor dynasty ended. Elizabeth I did not have children so that the throne was taken over by the ruler of Scotland, King James VI (hereinafter referred to as James I), which is the great-grandson of the eldest sister of Henry VIII and comes from the House of Stuart. James I became the first person who calls himself "King of Great Britain".

• Period 1629-1640: "Eleven Years 'Tyranny', ie the absolute power of King James I in the absence of Parliament.

• Year 1642: James I vs. Peak contention. Parliament and triggered the civil war (English Civil War).

• Year 1603: Lord of Scotland, King James VI becomes King of England with the title of James I.

• Period 1649-1660: The tradition of the monarchy suspended by the action of the republican members of the Commonwealth of England. These changes led to the war known as the "War of the Three Kingdoms".

• Year 1707: The Kingdom of Scotland and England merged into one and form a kingdom called "Kingdom of Great Britain".

• In 1801, The kingdom of empire-making in Ireland joined the British Empire was renamed the name was changed to "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland".

• 1921, UK became the nominal head of the peak for the British Empire, which controls a quarter of the world.

• In 1922 most of the territory of Ireland broke away from England and form a new country, "Irish Free State", but the law of the United Kingdom is still valid until 1949.

• In 1931, the United Kingdom is divided into the powers of different Commonwealth.

• Post-World War II, along with the proclamation of independence of India, the power of the British Empire effectively ended. This period also marked the birth of the "Commonwealth" (Commonwealth), an environment in which independent states formerly a British colony. Head of the Commonwealth (Head of the Commonwealth) held by the British Monarchy (in this case King George VI and Queen Elizabeth II at this time). Until now account for 15 Commonwealth countries under the British Empire.

source

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